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目的 了解北京市牛街地区老年人群各种伤害的流行情况 ,即伤害的种类、三间分布特点、原因及后果。方法 以居委会为单位 ,采取随机整群抽样的方法 ,自行设计问卷对牛街地区三个社区卫生服务站的符合入选条件的大于 6 0岁的老年人进行入户调查。结果 伤害的发生率为13.5 5 % ;死亡率为 4 3.5 7/10万 ;男女之比为 1∶1.78;春秋季节高发 ,白天多见 ,上午占 5 8.0 9% ;前三位受伤地点为卧室 /客厅、马路、卫生间 /浴室 ,共占 6 6 .90 % ;前三种伤害依次为跌倒、钝器 /锐器伤和烧烫伤 ,占 86 .19% (按人次 )。跌倒是首位伤害 ,发生率为 10 .4 6 % ,占伤害总数的 77.17%。结论 北京市牛街社区老年人群伤害发生率、死亡率居国内中等水平。跌倒是首位伤害 ,其对个人、家庭、社会的影响严重 ,已经构成危害北京市城市社区老年人生存与健康的重要公共卫生问题。当前 ,应首先致力于高发伤害———跌倒的预防与干预。
Objective To understand the prevalence of various injuries among senior citizens in Niujie district in Beijing, namely the types of injury, the three distribution characteristics, the causes and the consequences. Methods Taking neighborhood committees as a unit, a random cluster sampling method was adopted and questionnaires were designed to carry out household surveys on seniors aged over 60 who meet the inclusion criteria of three community health service stations in Niujie district. Results The incidence of injury was 13.5%. The mortality rate was 43.57%. The ratio of male to female was 1: 1.78. In the spring and autumn, the incidence was high, which was more common during the day and accounted for 5. 8.09% in the morning. The first three wounded were in the bedroom / Living room, road, bathroom / bathroom, accounting for a total of 66.90%; the first three injuries were fall, blunt / sharp injuries and burns, accounting for 86.19% (by person). Fall was the first injury, the incidence was 10 .46%, accounting for 77.17% of the total number of injuries. Conclusion The incidence and mortality of the elderly population in Niujie community in Beijing are at medium level in the country. Fall is the first injury, which has a serious impact on individuals, families and society. It has constituted an important public health problem that endangers the survival and health of the elderly in urban communities in Beijing. At present, should be the first commitment to high incidence of injuries --- fall prevention and intervention.