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目的 研究CD35、CD64及CRP在细菌性下呼吸道感染的儿童的外周血表达是否高于病毒性下呼吸道感染的儿童.方法 选取45例确诊细菌性下呼吸道感染的儿童和51例确诊病毒性下呼吸道感染的儿童分别组成细菌感染组和病毒感染组.利用IMMAGE测定两组患者血清中CRP水平,利用定量流式细胞仪检测两组患者血清中CD35及CD64的表达水平,并计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC).结果 细菌性下呼吸道感染儿童的CD35及CD64的表达水平显著高于病毒性下呼吸道感染的儿童.CRP对于细菌性病因和病毒性病因的鉴别不具有特异性.单独CD35、单独CD64、CD35联合CRP、CD64联合CRP对于小儿细菌和病毒性下呼吸道感染的辨别,差异有统计学意义.结论 单独CD35、单独CD64、CD35联合CRP、CD64联合CRP有利于确诊细菌性小儿下呼吸道感染.“,”Objective To investigate whether the expression of CRP, CD35 and CD64 in children with bacterial lower respiratory tract infection was higher than that in children with viral lower respiratory tract infection by random sample survey. Methods Children diagnosed with bacterial lower respiratory tract infection were selected as a bacteria group while children diagnosed with viral respiratory tract infection were selected as a viral group in this study. The expression levels of CRP, CD35 and CD64 were detected in two groups of patients, and their receiver operative characteristics (ROC) curves (AUC) were calculated. Results The levels of serum CRP, CD35 and CD64 in children with bacterial lower respiratory tract infection were significantly higher than those of patients with viral lower respiratory tract infection. Conclusion The expression of CRP, CD35 and CD64 in the serum of children with bacterial lower respiratory tract infection is higher than that in children with viral lower respiratory tract infection.