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2016年5月在青岛市城郊的蔬菜基地采集表层土壤和蔬菜的可食部位,采用高效液相色谱紫外/荧光检测器串联方法对美国环保署优先控制的16种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行检测,分析了土壤和蔬菜中PAHs的含量、组成及两者含量间的关系,并评价了蔬菜中PAHs的健康风险.结果表明,土壤中16种PAHs的总含量(∑16PAH)范围为277.0~1548.1μg·kg~(-1),主要呈现PAHs轻、中度污染.蔬菜中∑16PAH的平均含量为222.6μg·kg~(-1),叶菜类、瓜果类和根茎类蔬菜中∑16PAH含量没有显著性差异.3类蔬菜中PAHs的组成均是以3环PAHs为主,比例达到51.4%~56.2%,但根茎类蔬菜中致癌PAHs所占比例高于叶菜类和瓜果类.叶菜类蔬菜中PAHs含量与土壤中PAHs含量具有显著的正相关关系(r=0.434,p<0.05).蔬菜中PAHs的毒性主要来自于7种致癌PAHs,成年人通过摄食蔬菜产生的日平均PAHs暴露量高于其他人群,青岛市城郊部分品种蔬菜中的PAHs对人群存在潜在的致癌风险.
In May 2016, edible parts of surface soils and vegetables were collected from the vegetable base in the outskirts of Qingdao City. Sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were preferentially controlled by the EPA by high performance liquid chromatography (UV) / fluorescence detector in series , Analyzed the content and composition of PAHs in soils and vegetables, and evaluated the health risks of PAHs in vegetables.The results showed that the total content of 16 PAHs in soil (Σ16PAH) ranged from 277.0 to 1548.1 μg · kg -1 .The PAHs mainly showed mild and moderate pollution.The average contents of Σ16PAH in vegetables were 222.6μg · kg -1 and those in leaf vegetables, fruits and root vegetables were Σ16PAH The content of PAHs in the three kinds of vegetables was mainly composed of 3-ring PAHs, accounting for 51.4% -56.2%, but the proportion of carcinogenic PAHs in root vegetables was higher than that of leafy vegetables and fruits. There was a significant positive correlation between PAHs content in leafy vegetables and PAHs content in soil (r = 0.434, p <0.05) .The toxicity of PAHs in vegetables mainly came from seven kinds of carcinogenic PAHs. The daily average The PAHs exposure was higher than other populations, PAHs in some vegetables in the suburb of Qingdao Potential carcinogenic risk groups.