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本文观察了石油沥青生产工人５９名和非石油沥青生产工人６３名的姐妹染色单体互换（ＳＣＥ），５５名石油沥青生产工人和５７名非石油沥青生产工人的微核细胞率及微核率。其中不吸烟者石油沥青生产工人ＳＣＥ均值（９．２１±１．２７）高于对照组（７．９７±１．３２），两组有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０·００１）；吸烟者和不吸烟者合并石油沥青生产工人均值（９．５１±１．３９）也高于对照组（８．５±１．５５），两组差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．００１）。沥青生产工人微核细胞率及微核率与对照组比较无差异，从本次观察结果来看，我们认为石油沥青生产环境中存在着可致工人染色体损伤的有害因素，且ＳＣＥ较微核率敏感。
This paper examines the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) of 59 oil-pitch producers and 63 non-oil-pitch producers, the micronucleus rate and micronucleus rate of 55 petroleum pitch producers and 57 non-petroleum pitch producers . Among them, the average SCE of non-smoker petroleum asphalt production workers (9.21 ± 1.27) was higher than that of the control group (7.97 ± 1.32), there was a significant difference between the two groups (P0.001) The average value of non-smokers who combined petroleum asphalt production workers (9.51 ± 1.39) was also higher than that of the control group (8.5 ± 1.55), the difference between the two groups was significant (P <0.001). There was no difference between the rate of micronuclei and micronucleus rate in asphalt production workers compared with that of the control group. From the observation results, we think there are some harmful factors that can cause chromosome damage in petroleum asphalt production environment, sensitive.