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The benefit achieved by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCR) and sequential chemoradiotherapy (SCR) vs radiotherapy (RT) alone for patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was compared.A total of 113 patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅳa NPC were allotted into CCR group (n=38),SCR group (n=36) and RT alone group (n=39).All patients were irradiated with the same RT technique to ≥66 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction,conventional 5 fractions/week in all groups.The CCR group received concurrent chemotherapy of weekly cisplatin for 7 weeks,and the SCR group received neoadjuvant and (or) adjuvant chemotherapy.The results showed that the 3- and 5-year overall survival rate was significantly higher in CCR group than in RT alone group (92.16％ vs 61.54％,81.58％ vs 51.28％,P＜0.005).The median survival time was significantly longer in CCR group than in RT alone group (67.8 months vs 52.7 months,P＜0.005).It was concluded that CCR could significantly improve overall survival rate,progression-free survival rate,and median survival time when compared with RT alone.