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平均速度是我们能够测量的物理量,而瞬时速度是人类的抽象思考和推理演绎的结果.本文从数学角度对平均速度和瞬时速度两个概念做了区分,从原理上分析了光电计时器测平均速度近似替代瞬时速度的系统误差,介绍了极限法测瞬时速度的理论依据,分析了v与Δt、Δx之间满足的函数关系,最后探讨了瞬时速度教学的重要意义.
The average speed is the physical quantity that we can measure, and the instantaneous speed is the result of the human’s abstract thinking and the deduction of reasoning.This paper makes a distinction between the two concepts of average speed and instantaneous speed from the mathematical point of view, The system error of instantaneous velocity approximation instead of instantaneous velocity is introduced. The theoretical basis of the instantaneous velocity measured by the limit method is introduced. The functional relationship between v and △ t and △ x is analyzed. Finally, the significance of instantaneous velocity teaching is discussed.