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目的进一步探索电焊锰烟尘对非噪声作业二氧化碳(CO_2)气保焊人员听觉功能的影响。方法选择2014年江阴市职业性锰中毒哨点监测点某机械制造企业的非噪声作业接触电焊锰烟尘的CO_2气保焊作业人员48人,根据作业工龄将其分为1~5、6~10、11~15和16~20 a 4组,对4组人员进行畸变产物耳声发射检测(DPOAE)。比较各组间DPOAE的8个测试点(0.5、1、2、3、4、6、8、10 k Hz)信噪比(SNR)的检出率和幅值的差异。结果作业人员DPOAE的SNR检出率显示,工龄1~5与6~10 a比较,在0.5、6 k Hz测试点P<0.05;与11~15 a比较,在0.5、6和10 k Hz测试点P<0.05;与16~20 a比较,在0.5、1、2、3、4、6、8和10 k Hz测试点P<0.05。左右耳的SNR检出率比较,差异无统计学意义;SNR幅值中位数在测试点0.5、3、4、6、8和10 k Hz随着作业工龄延长有下降趋势。结论接触电焊锰烟尘的非噪声作业CO_2气保焊人员早期在DPOAE测试点0.5和6 k Hz有易感性,随着工龄的延长听力损失加重。
Objective To explore the influence of welding manganese dust on auditory function of non-noise CO 2 gas welders. Methods Forty-eight CO 2 gas-shielded welding workers who were exposed to welding manganese fume and dust in a mechanical manufacturing enterprise in Jiangyin in 2011 were selected as sentinel monitoring sites for occupational manganese poisoning in Jiangyin City. According to their working age, they were divided into 1 ~ 5, 6 ~ 10 , 11 ~ 15 and 16 ~ 20 a 4 groups, four groups of people were detected by distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Differences in the detection rates and amplitudes of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between DPOAE’s eight test points (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 k Hz) were compared between groups. RESULTS: The detection rate of DPOAE for workers was 1 to 5 years old and 6 to 10 years old, P <0.05 at 0.5,6 k Hz test points; compared with 11 to 15 days at 0.5,6 and 10 k Hz test Point P <0.05; P <0.05 at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10 k Hz test points compared with 16-20 days. The left and right ear SNR detection rate comparison, the difference was not statistically significant; SNR median 0.5, 4, 4, 6, 8 and 10 k Hz at the test point with the declining trend of extended working age. CONCLUSIONS: Non-noise CO 2 gas welders exposed to welding manganese dust are susceptible to 0.5 and 6 k Hz early DPOAE test points, with increasing hearing loss due to longer service life.