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在北方话里,“癌”字本来读yán,跟“炎”字完全同音。但是,“肺癌”跟“肺炎”,“胃癌”跟“胃炎”,毕竟是截然不同的两回事。硬要说成一个音,也是很麻烦的;因为得了“肺炎”或“胃炎”并不可怕,得了“肺癌”或“胃癌”可不得了。于是为了能把两种不同的疾病区别开来,“癌”字就被改读成了ái。但是,大家会问“癌”字是怎样被改读成ái的呢?我看,这很可能是受了江浙方言的影响。
In the North, the word “cancer” was originally read yán, with “Yan” completely homonymic. However, “lung cancer” and “pneumonia”, “stomach cancer” and “gastritis”, after all, are two completely different things. Hard to say a sound, but also very troublesome; because had a “pneumonia” or “gastritis” is not terrible, got “lung cancer” or “stomach cancer” can be incredible. So in order to be able to distinguish between two different diseases, the word “cancer” has been read as ái. However, everybody will ask how the word “cancer” is read as ái? I think it is most likely influenced by the dialects of Jiangsu and Zhejiang.