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大米是粮食中最难保存的粮品之一,因为大米失去了皮壳的保护层,营养物质直接暴露在外。因此,对外界温度、湿度、气体成分的影响比较敏感,吸湿性强、带菌量多,营养物质代谢速度较快,极易发生陈化、发热霉变、虫害,品质劣变等问题,特别在夏季高温、高湿条件下,大米陈化、霉变的速度加快,导致大米酸度增加,粘性下降,以致失去食用价值。据统计,在不发达国家,约有30%的粮食在储运中被损耗掉,特别是我国和印度,粮食在储运过程损耗率高达10%和15%,以致粮食供应大部分依赖于进口。随着人民生活水平和生活质量的提高,生活消费由温饱型向方便、卫生、营养、快捷转变,新的消费观念和消费结构对对大米的营养保持、口味等食用品质的要求越来越高,因此保存好大米,减少损失,是大米保鲜包装亟待解决的问题。
Rice is one of the most difficult grains to keep in grain because rice loses its protective cover and nutrients are directly exposed. Therefore, the external temperature, humidity, gas composition is more sensitive, hygroscopicity, with more bacteria, nutrient metabolism faster, prone to aging, fever mildew, pests, quality deterioration and other issues, especially in Summer high temperature, high humidity conditions, the aging rice, mildew speed, leading to increased acidity of rice, viscosity decreased, resulting in loss of food value. According to statistics, in the underdeveloped countries, about 30% of the grain is lost in storage and transportation. In particular, in our country and India, the loss rate of grain in the process of storage and transportation is as high as 10% and 15%, so that most of the food supply depends on imports. With the improvement of people’s living standard and quality of life, living consumption changes from convenience to well-being to health, nutrition and rapid change. The new consumption concept and consumption structure have higher and higher requirements on food quality such as nutrition preservation and taste of rice Therefore, the preservation of rice, reduce losses, rice fresh-keeping packaging problems to be solved.