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引言叙述作品主要是讲故事,在讲故事的过程中,必然面临着“谁说”和“谁看”的问题,就是说在每一部叙述作品中都存在着一个讲述者和一个观察者,在叙事学中就体现为叙述声音与叙述聚焦。叙述聚焦者总是把自身体验和感受融入到作品中,所以在不同聚焦者的眼中,各异的事物即使是相同的事物也会不同。对聚焦者的划分中,按照聚焦者的正常与否,将聚焦者划分为正常聚焦和另类聚焦。所谓正常聚焦就是指那些身体、智力与心理各方面在社会普遍承认的正常人范围之类的聚焦者,而另类聚焦则是在身体、智力与心理存在着异常的。另类聚焦者包括傻子、弱智、白痴、疯子、精神病患者等。阿
Introduction Narrative works are mainly storytelling. In the process of storytelling, they inevitably face the problem of “Who said ” and “Who sees ”, that is, there is a narrator in every narrative work and An observer, in narratology is reflected in narrative voice and narrative focus. Narrative focalizers always incorporate their own experience and feelings into the work, so even in the eyes of different focalists different things will be different even if they are the same thing. Focus on the division, according to the focus of the normal or not, the focus will be divided into normal focus and alternative focus. The so-called normal focus refers to those who, in all aspects of physical, mental and psychological aspects of the community generally recognized as the focus of normal people, while the other is focused on the physical, mental and mental abnormalities exist. Alternative focus include fools, mentally handicapped, idiots, crazy, psychiatric patients. Ah