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As a key component in rotating machinery, the operating reliability of bearing influences the performance and service life of the equipment directly. In order to describe bearing performance degradation (BPD) process effectively, an assessment approach combining extension and ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) was proposed. First, the extension was utilized to construct the matter-element of bearing operating state, and the energy moment of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) was used as characteristic parameter of the matter-element. Then, to determine classical domains of characteristic parameters, the mathematical statistics method was adopted. Finally, the BPD was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively according to the comprehensive correlation degree of bearing current operating state related to its healthy state. The analytic results of bearing test-rig show that the proposed method indicates the incipient fault approximately occurring in the 81st hour, and the method also quantitatively presents the degree of BPD. By contrast, the BPD assessment based on time-domain features extraction method could not achieve the above two results effectively.