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目的了解漳州市2011—2014年布鲁氏菌病(布病)的发病特征及流行态势,为制订防控策略提供依据。方法用描述流行病学法分析布病疫情资料。结果 2011—2014年6月共报告布病49例,年均发病率0.22/10万,发病数逐年上升。病例主要集中在农村,呈局部聚集性暴发(芗城、平和、龙海占79.6%),发病无明显季节性,除9、10月外各月均有发生;发病以30~59岁(85.7%)为主,农牧民占83.7%,男女性别比3.08∶1,感染菌种为猪种、羊种菌。个案流调有45例(91.8%)发病前直接从事猪羊饲养、接生、屠宰、加工和销售,有明确动物接触史,所有病例均未接种布鲁氏菌苗。结论漳州市布病疫情呈上升趋势,应采取加强职业人群健康教育,提高医务人员诊疗水平,加强部门协作,落实家畜检疫、病畜淘汰等防控措施,控制疫情。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic situation of brucellosis (brucellosis) in Zhangzhou City from 2011 to 2014, and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze brucellosis data. Results A total of 49 cases of brucellosis were reported from 2011 to June 2014, with an average annual incidence of 0.22 / 100 000. The number of cases increased year by year. The cases were mainly concentrated in the rural areas, showing a local outbreak (Tancheng, Pinghe, Longhai accounted for 79.6%), the incidence was not seasonal, with the exception of September and October except for each month; incidence of 30 to 59 years old (85.7 %), Farmers and herdsmen accounted for 83.7%, the sex ratio of men and women 3.08: 1, the infected strains were pig breeds and sheep breeds. There were 45 cases (91.8%) of the cases being directly involved in the breeding, delivery, slaughtering, processing and marketing of pigs and sheep before the onset of the disease. There was a clear history of animal exposure and no cases of brucellosis were vaccinated in all cases. Conclusion The prevalence of brucellosis in Zhangzhou City is on the rise. Health education should be strengthened for occupational groups, medical care should be improved, departments should collaborate, prevention and control of livestock quarantine and elimination of sick animals should be implemented to control the epidemic.