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西部大开发是涉及西部地区经济社会发展及人民生产生活方式、思想文化观念更新的重大变革。这场变革内容广泛、深刻、复杂，必然产生各种矛盾。既有发展西部地区经济与保护其生态环境的矛盾，又有西部少数民族在汇入世界经济科技一体化潮流过程中，思想文化观念、生活方式及习惯不适应造成的民族之间及民族内部的矛盾，也有东部发达地区与西部欠发达地区的矛盾，还有国企改革带来的一系列社会矛盾，这些矛盾呈现出较明显的利益性、非政治性和复杂多变性特点。正确认识和判断并采取切实有效地措施解决好这些人民内部矛盾，对于西部大开发的顺利进行，促进西部及整个社会政治稳定、民族团结、经济发展和社会进步具有重大意义。
The great development of the western region is a major change that involves the economic and social development in the western region and the production and lifestyle of the people and the renewal of the ideological and cultural concepts. The change is extensive, profound and complex and inevitably produces various contradictions. It not only develops the contradiction between the economy in the western region and the protection of its ecological environment, but also makes it easier for the ethnic minorities in the western region to reintegrate themselves into the world economy and science and technology integration trend, and between the ethnic groups and ethnic groups that are not suited to the ideological and cultural concepts, lifestyle and customs But also the contradictions between the developed areas in the east and the less developed areas in the west as well as a series of social contradictions brought about by the reform of state-owned enterprises. These contradictions are characterized by obvious interests, non-political features and complex changes. Correctly understanding and judging and adopting effective measures to solve these internal contradictions among the people are of great significance to the smooth development of the western region and the political stability, national unity, economic development and social progress in the west and the entire society.