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目的探讨将中心静脉导管用于老年人恶性胸腹腔积液的引流,评价其有效性及安全性。方法中心静脉导管引流组(26例)在超声标记下置入16G中心静脉导管引流,传统胸、腹腔穿刺术引流组(20例)采用传统胸、腹腔穿刺术引流。结果导管引流组引流第1天和7 d内累计引流液体量分别为(752±358)mL和(3 361±869)mL;穿刺术引流组第1天和7 d内累计引流液体量分别为(622±112)mL和(2 311±564)mL。第1天2种方法引流液体量及呼吸困难或腹胀等症状缓解情况比较无显著差异,引流7 d后2种方法引流液体量及症状缓解情况有显著差异。引流后导管引流组并发症发生率显著低于穿刺术引流组。结论中心静脉导管用于老年人恶性胸腹腔积液的引流,有很高的安全性且疗效满意,并发症发生率低,可以减少患者痛苦,值得推广。
Objective To investigate the use of central venous catheter in the drainage of malignant pleural and peritoneal effusion in the elderly and to evaluate its effectiveness and safety. Methods Central venous catheter drainage group (26 cases) underwent 16G central venous catheter drainage under ultrasound marker. Conventional thoracic and paracentesis drainage group (20 cases) was drained by conventional thoracic and abdominal paracentesis. Results The total amount of drained fluid on day 1 and day 7 after catheter drainage was (752 ± 358) mL and (3 361 ± 869) mL, respectively. The volume of drained fluid on day 1 and 7 after drainage was (622 ± 112) mL and (2 311 ± 564) mL. There was no significant difference between the two methods on the first day of drainage and the alleviation of symptoms such as dyspnea or bloating. There were significant differences between the two methods in drainage volume and symptom relief after 7 days of drainage. The incidence of complications after drainage in the drainage group was significantly lower than that in the drainage group. Conclusion Central venous catheter is used for the drainage of malignant pleural effusion and ascites in the elderly. It has high safety and satisfactory curative effect. The incidence of complications is low, which can reduce the suffering of patients and is worthy of popularization.