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通过Dynaform数值模拟仿真技术,在验证了仿真模型可靠性的基础上,对同材差厚拼焊板的胀形过程进行了研究。在板料胀形过程中,分析了两侧母材厚度变化对极限成形高度、最大焊缝移动量及应变分布的影响,并运用遗传算法(GA)对仿真数据进行拟合,获得了母材厚度与极限成形高度、最大焊缝移动量之间的数学关系式。利用MATLAB的GUIDE模块设计人机交互界面。研究表明:在固定薄侧母材厚度时,拼焊板极限成形高度与板厚比成负相关关系,最大焊缝移动量与板厚比成正相关关系;但在固定厚侧母材厚度时,这些规律已不再适用,此时薄侧板厚和平均板厚对成形有很大影响。此外,随着板厚比的增大,应力集中在薄侧,且破裂位置逐渐向焊缝处靠近,当板厚比超过1.7后,成形过程变得不稳定。因此在拼焊板成形过程中应合理选择板厚搭配,进而提高拼焊板的成形能力。
Based on the numerical simulation of Dynaform, on the basis of verifying the reliability of the simulation model, the bulging process of the tailored blank welded tailor welded plate was studied. In the plate bulging process, the effects of the thickness of the base metal on the ultimate forming height, the maximum weld movement and the strain distribution were analyzed. The simulated data were fitted by genetic algorithm (GA), and the base metal The relationship between the thickness and the maximum height of the weld and the maximum weld movement. Using MATLAB GUIDE module design man-machine interface. The results show that the ultimate forming height of tailor welded plate is inversely related to the ratio of plate thickness at the time of fixing the thickness of the thin base metal. The maximum amount of weld movement has a positive correlation with the plate thickness. However, These rules are no longer applicable, this time the thin side and the average thickness of the plate thickness has a great impact. In addition, as the thickness ratio increases, the stress is concentrated on the thin side, and the crack location gradually approaches the weld. When the thickness ratio exceeds 1.7, the forming process becomes unstable. Therefore, in the process of tailor-welded plate thickness should be a reasonable choice with, and thus improve the forming ability of tailor-made welding.