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电镜检查在肾活检诊断中具有重要作用 ,它与常规组织学观察及免疫组化检查一起构成了各种肾小球疾病诊断的基础。本文重点介绍肾小球薄基底膜病和遗传性肾炎两种较常见于学龄前儿童而又易被忽视的肾脏病 ,这两种遗传性肾小球病各有其病变特征和发病规律 ,其中电镜检查是诊断和鉴别诊断这两种肾脏病的最为重要的手段。
Electron microscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis of renal biopsy, which, together with routine histological examination and immunohistochemistry, forms the basis of various glomerular disease diagnoses. This article focuses on two kinds of glomerular thin basement membrane disease and hereditary nephritis are more common in preschool children and easily overlooked kidney disease, the two hereditary glomerular disease each have their own characteristics and incidence of disease, of which Electron microscopy is the most important means of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of these two kidney diseases.