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目的探讨低水平铅暴露对新生儿生长发育的影响。方法在上海和大连市各整群抽取1家医院172,113对健康产妇与新生儿,采集健康产妇周围血及新生儿脐带血检测铅与锌的水平,并进行新生儿生长发育测量和母亲问卷调查。结果上海市和大连市新生儿的平均血铅水平(几何均数)分别为47.66和31.08μg/L;高铅血症(>100μg/L)比例分别为5.23%和3.54%。当以国际高铅血症诊断标准100μg/L,以及75μg/L划分低血铅组与高血铅组时,2组新生儿生长发育指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);当界值降至50μgl/L时,上海市新生儿高血铅组的身高与体重均低于低铅组(P<0.05)。结论低铅暴露(<100μg/L)对新生儿生长发育有不良影响。
Objective To investigate the effect of low level lead exposure on newborn growth and development. Methods A total of 172,113 healthy mothers and newborns were collected from one hospital in Shanghai and Dalian. Blood samples collected from healthy mothers and umbilical cord blood samples of neonates were collected for the detection of lead and zinc levels. Neonatal growth and development surveys and maternal questionnaires were also performed. Results The average blood lead levels (geometric mean) of newborns in Shanghai and Dalian were 47.66 and 31.08 μg / L, respectively. The rates of hyperlipidemia (> 100 μg / L) were 5.23% and 3.54%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the indexes of growth and development between the two groups (P> 0.05) when the low blood lead group and the high blood lead group were divided into 100μg / L and 75μg / L, When the value dropped to 50μgl / L, the height and weight of neonatal high blood lead group in Shanghai were lower than those in the low lead group (P <0.05). Conclusion Low lead exposure (<100μg / L) has an adverse effect on the growth and development of neonates.