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这里说的“观察”与“参与”,都是指新闻记者在采访中的行为。一般来说,记者定位于观察者的身份时,由于角色相对超脱,因而其报道内容的客观公正会有一定的保障;而定位于参与者身份时,由于已陷入事件当中,难免个人与事件的利害关系,其表现手法也程度不同地加入了欺骗的成分,因此其报道的客观公正性常常遭受质疑和诟病。在这方面,电视业的问题相对于平面媒体显得更为突出。
What we mean by “observation” and “participation” all refer to the behavior of journalists in interviews. Generally speaking, when the reporter locates in the identity of the observer, the objective fairness of the content of the report can be guaranteed due to the relative detached character. When the journalist locates in the identity of the participant, it is hard to avoid the individual and the incident Interest, the performance of different ways to join the deceptive component, so the objective and impartiality of its reports are often questioned and criticized. In this regard, the issue of the television industry is more prominent than the print media.