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社会主义市场经济体制的建立，对传统政治经济学提出了严峻的挑战。顺应时代发展的要求，政治经济学的内容、方法等方面的改革势在必行。这种改革包括：在研究对象方面，由过去的对生产关系的研究变为对生产方式的研究；在结构上，由过去的“三大块”变为一体；在内容上，由过去浓厚的学说史色彩变为对经济运行的基本原理和基本规律的阐释；在方法上，大胆借鉴西方经济学中科学的有效的方法，使我们传统的分析研究方法得到充实。
The establishment of a socialist market economic system poses a severe challenge to traditional political economy. Conform to the requirements of the development of the times, the content of political economy, methods and other aspects of reform is imperative. Such reforms include: From the research on the relations of production to the study of the mode of production from the past, on the structure of the study, the past three major chunks have become one. In terms of content, The theory of history turns to interpret the basic principles and basic rules of economic operation. On the method, we boldly draw on scientific and effective methods in western economics to enrich our traditional analytical methods.