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水牛角作为犀角的代用品是急症用药安宫牛黄丸的主要成份,近年来常有混伪品流入市场,急需建立有效鉴定方法。本研究共收集155份原动物及市售水牛角样品,通过优化DNA提取方法,PCR扩增、双向测序、序列拼接获得153条COI序列。93份原动物COI序列经条形码间隔法和建树法核验后纳入中药材DNA条形码动物药材数据库,利用中药材DNA条形码鉴定系统(www.tcmbarcode.cn)对62份市售水牛角药材进行鉴定。除2份市售药材无法获得COI序列外,54.8%的市售药材为水牛角,29%的市售药材为牦牛角。本研究表明牦牛角为市售水牛角药材主要伪品来源,DNA条形码技术可用于区分水牛角及其易混伪品,应加强市场监管,以确保急症用药临床疗效。
Buffalo horns as rhinoceros horn substitute is the main ingredient of acute drug Angong Niuhuang Wan, often in recent years, the influx of counterfeit products into the market, the urgent need to establish an effective identification method. In this study, a total of 155 samples of primitive animals and commercial buffalo samples were collected and 153 COI sequences were obtained by optimizing DNA extraction, PCR amplification, two-dimensional sequencing and sequence splicing. Ninety-three original animal COI sequences were verified by bar-code-spacing method and tree-building method, and then were included in the database of Chinese medicinal materials DNA barcode. The 62 medicinal materials were identified by DNA barcoding system (www.tcmbarcode.cn). 54.8% of the commercially available herbs were buffalo horns, except 29% of the commercially available herbs were yak horns, except COI sequences were not available from 2 commercially available herbs. This study shows that the yak horns are the main source of counterfeit medicines for commercial buffalo horns. The DNA barcode technology can be used to distinguish the buffalo horns and their adulterated counterfeit products. Market supervision should be strengthened to ensure the clinical efficacy of the emergency medication.