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由流体力学相似理论知道,要使模型试验能正确地反映原型的实际情况,必须保证原型和模型相似。而研究对象不同,彼此相似的内容就不一样。对水轮机来说,大家都知道,要保证原型和模型相似,必须满足原型和模型几何相似、运动相似和动力相似。并且,几何相似,可理解为原型和模型水轮机的所有过流部件不仅数量、形状相同,而且对应角相等,对应线性尺寸成比例;运动相似,则原、模型流场中对应点的速度三角形相似;动力相似(即为流动力学相似),也就是在原型和模型流场中对应点作用着同
From the similarity theory of fluid mechanics, we know that for the model test to correctly reflect the actual situation of the prototype, it is necessary to ensure that the prototype and the model are similar. The research object is different, similar to each other’s content is different. As far as turbines are concerned, we all know that to make sure that the prototype is similar to the model, you must satisfy that the prototype and the model are geometrically similar, with similar and similar motions. Moreover, the geometrical similarity is understood as that all the overcurrent components of the prototype turbine and the model turbine are not only in number and shape, but also in the same corresponding angle and proportional to the linear dimension. Similar motions are similar to the velocity triangles of the corresponding points in the model flow field ; Similar power (that is, similar to the flow mechanics), that is, the corresponding points in the prototype and model flow field interact with