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目的通过分析美军航母舰载机飞行事故发生的规律和成因,为舰载机飞行事故的有效防范提供科学依据。方法对美军1950—2011年发生的161起舰载机飞行事故进行统计,并采用Bow-Tie模型进行风险分析,提出防范措施和对策。结果从上世纪50年代到现在,美军航母舰载机飞行事故的危害性处于相对稳定的水平,但着舰阶段的事故发生率和危害性最高;航母舰载机飞行的风险因素主要包括人因素、航母甲板因素、舰载机因素和海上环境因素。结论应从严格保障人员身心健康、规范化舰载机起降作业、保证装备的良好工作状态、不断研制和充分利用先进技术等方面采取措施和对策保障舰载飞行职业安全。
Objective To provide a scientific basis for effectively preventing flight accidents of carrier-borne aircraft by analyzing the rules and causes of the aircraft carrier-borne aircraft accidents of the U.S. military. Methods The statistics of 161 aircraft-borne aircraft accidents that occurred in the US from 1950 to 2011 were analyzed. The Bow-Tie model was used to carry out risk analysis, and preventive measures and countermeasures were put forward. Results From the 1950s to the present, the dangers of aircraft carrier-based aircraft accidents of the U.S. military are at a relatively stable level, but the incidence and danger of the accidents during the carrier phase are the highest. The risk factors of aircraft carrier-based aircraft flight mainly include human factors , Aircraft carrier deck factors, carrier aircraft factors and marine environmental factors. Conclusion It is necessary to take measures and countermeasures to ensure the occupational safety of carrier-borne flights from strictly guaranteeing the physical and mental health of personnel, standardizing the operations of taking off and landing of carrier-based aircraft, ensuring the good working condition of equipment, continuously developing and making full use of advanced technologies.