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Energy-conservation based generation dispatching is the revolutionary change in operation mode which could reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions,promote power industry restructuring,and achieve sustainable development. Social benefit evaluation of the energy-conservation based generation dispatching under the new situation and environment has come into being as an important theoretical issue. A new scenario analysis based social benefit evaluating method,which is implemented by comparing the energy consumption and pollutant emissions of different scenarios defined by the key indicators,i.e.,load factor and coal consumption structure,is proposed in the paper. Then the composition of social benefit is analyzed from the point of the dispatching mode and the coal consumption structure. The method proposed is of clear physical meaning. It is not only practical,but also applicable for the implementation of energy-conservation based generation dispatching in different phases and with different goals.