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目的观察家庭教育-环境改良-功能干预在哮喘患儿延续性护理中的应用疗效。方法选取2011年9月-2014年9月某院儿科收治的148例哮喘患儿为研究对象,按照随机法分为对照组和观察组,每组74例。两组患儿住院期间给予相同治疗护理方案,出院后对照组患儿给予常规护理,定期进行常规门诊随访及复查,观察组在对照组基础上给予家庭教育-环境改良-功能干预等综合护理措施。比较两组患儿护理期间的依从性,哮喘控制评分、不同时间点SAS评分和生活质量评分。对两组患儿进行为期半年随访调查,比较两组患儿半年内哮喘复发率和再次住院率。结果观察组患儿在护理期间依从性总人数、疾病认知、遵医嘱服药、正确掌握雾化治疗和门诊复诊方面均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经随访结束后,观察组患儿的哮喘控制评分明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患儿出院后3个月和出院后6个月的SAS评分、疾病症状、疾病影响及活动受限评分较出院前明显增加,且观察组患儿在出院后3个月和6个月的SAS评分、疾病症状、疾病影响及活动受限评分显著优于同一时间点的对照组患儿,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿半年复发率和半年内再次住院率明显低于对照组患儿,差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=5..322和4.035,P<0.05)。结论家庭教育、环境改良及功能干预应用哮喘患儿延续性护理效果显著,能够增强患儿药物服用依从性,提高患儿自我护理能力,降低患儿哮喘复发率及再次住院率,改善患儿出院后生活质量,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To observe the effect of family education-environmental improvement-functional intervention in the continuous nursing of children with asthma. Methods A total of 148 children with asthma admitted to our hospital from September 2011 to September 2014 were selected as study subjects and divided into control group and observation group according to randomization method, with 74 cases in each group. The two groups of children were given the same treatment and nursing program during hospitalization. The children in the control group were given regular nursing after discharge, and regular outpatient follow-up and review were conducted regularly. The observation group were given comprehensive nursing measures such as family education-environmental improvement-functional intervention on the basis of the control group . The comparisons of nursing compliance, asthma control scores, SAS scores and quality of life scores at different time points were compared between the two groups. The two groups of children for a period of six months follow-up survey, two groups of children within six months of asthma relapse rate and re-hospitalization rate. Results In the observation group, the compliance of patients in the nursing period, the cognition of the disease, taking the medicine according to the doctor’s prescription, and correctly grasping the nebulization treatment and outpatient referral were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). After the follow-up, the asthma control scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.05); SAS scores of the two groups after 3 months of discharge and 6 months after the discharge, Symptoms, disease effects and activity-restricted scores were significantly higher than those before discharge, and SAS scores, disease symptoms, disease effects, and activity-restricted scores at 3 months and 6 months after discharge in the observation group were significantly better than those at the same time point Of the control children, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The half-year relapse rate in the observation group and the re-hospitalization rate in six months were significantly lower than those in the control group (χ ~ 2 = 5..322 and 4.035, P <0.05). Conclusion Family education, environmental improvement and functional intervention in children with asthma have significant effect of continuous nursing, which can enhance compliance of drug taking in children, improve self-care ability of children, reduce asthma recurrence rate and rehospitalization rate and improve discharge of children After the quality of life, it is worth to promote clinical application.