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断裂力学是一门新兴学科,它研究由于荷载的作用,构件中裂纹扩展和最终导致断裂的规律。近年来,铁道部门已就某些断裂问题开展研究,并取得了一定的成绩。铁路钢轨、车轴、机车曲轴等常发生断裂,因此把断裂力学理论和有关产品的材料、设计、制造和维修等方面的工作结合起来,对于提高产品的防断止裂性能,确保安全运输具有重要的现实意义。为了适应现代科学技术的发展,普及断裂力学的知识,推广断裂力学在铁路标准设计中的应用,本刊自本期起连载断裂力学原理与应用的讲座,全文共分六讲。
Fracture mechanics is a new discipline, which studies the laws of the load, the crack propagation in the component, and ultimately the fracture. In recent years, the railway department has conducted research on certain fracture issues and achieved certain results. Railroad rails, axles, locomotive crankshafts, etc. often break, so the theory of fracture mechanics combined with the work on materials, design, manufacture, and maintenance of related products is important for improving the anti-cracking performance of products and ensuring safe transportation. The practical significance. In order to adapt to the development of modern science and technology, to popularize the knowledge of fracture mechanics, and to promote the application of fracture mechanics in railway standard design, this article has been devoted to lectures on principles and applications of serial fracture mechanics since this issue.