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In this study,the controlled nucleation and growth of gold nanoparticles(GNPs)were investigated using a self-repelled mist in a liquid chemical reaction environment.An electrospray-based chemical reduction method was conducted in the aqueous region and at room temperature to synthesize the polymeric-stabilized gold nanoparticles.The electrospray technique was used to atomize a hydrogen tetrachloraurate(Ⅲ)(HAuCl4)precursor solution into electrostatically charged droplets.The atomized droplets were dispersed in an aqueous reaction bath containing L-ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as a stabilizer.The effect of the electrospray parameters,specifically the flow rate and electrospray droplet size,as well as the reaction conditions such as the concentration of reac-tants,pH,and stabilizer(PVP),were investigated.The mean diameter of the GNPs increased from around 4 to 9 nm with an increase in the electrospray flow rate,droplet size,and current passing through the electrospray jet.Spherical and monodispersed GNPs were synthesized at a relatively high flow rate of 2 mL/h and a moderate concentration of 2 mM of precursor solution.The smallest-sized GNP with a high monodispersity was obtained in the reaction bath at a high pH of 10.5 and in the presence of PVP.It is expected that continuous and mass production of the engineered GNPs and other noble metal nanopar-ticles could be established for scaling up nanoparticle production via the proposed electrospray-based chemical reduction method.