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热休克蛋白（ＨＳＰ）是存在于细胞浆内的一组结构高度保守的多肽，它不仅参与细胞的发育、生长和分化，而且在增强细胞对有害刺激的抵抗力，加速细胞自身修复等方面起关键作用。肾实质细胞受到病毒感染、缺血、缺氧和药物（如庆大霉素、镇痛剂）等刺激后，ＨＳＰ合成增加，此可减轻和避免肾实质细胞受到更严重的破坏和损伤。检测ＨＳＰ的变化有助于肾组织损伤的预测。
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of highly conserved structural polypeptides found in the cytoplasm. They are not only involved in the development, growth and differentiation of cells, but also play an important role in enhancing the resistance of cells to harmful stimuli and accelerating their self-repair Key role. Renal parenchymal cells infected by virus, ischemia, hypoxia and drugs (such as gentamicin, analgesics) and other stimuli, HSP synthesis increased, which can reduce and prevent renal parenchymal cells are more severely damaged and damaged. Detecting changes in HSP contributes to the prediction of kidney damage.