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本文采用活性炭负载氢氧化钾的新型固体碱为催化剂,以花椒籽油为原料,通过酯交换反应制备生物柴油。考察了最优催化剂的选取,醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间等对反应的影响,利用正交试验对反应条件进行优化并用红外光谱和气相色谱-质谱联用仪对产品进行定性分析。结果表明:该反应的最优工艺条件为醇油比10∶1、催化剂用量为油质量的3%、反应时间6h、反应温度75℃。在最优工艺条件下,获得了高纯度的生物柴油,转化率达到86.5%。
In this paper, a new type of solid alkali activated carbon supported potassium hydroxide as a catalyst, using prickly ash seed oil as a raw material, prepared by transesterification biodiesel. The effects of the optimal catalyst selection, molar ratio of methanol to oil, the amount of catalyst and reaction time on the reaction were investigated. The reaction conditions were optimized by orthogonal test and the products were qualitatively analyzed by IR and GC-MS. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the reaction were alcohol to oil ratio 10: 1, catalyst amount 3% of oil mass, reaction time 6h and reaction temperature 75 ℃. Under the optimal process conditions, high purity biodiesel was obtained, with a conversion rate of 86.5%.