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主要是由于排污和农业用水导致的磷素淋失,中国多数的地表水体正经历人类活动导致的富营养化。这导致了中国稀缺水资源的水质恶化。这个问题已经为中国政府所承认,也采取了措施,但人们预期的改进仍处于停滞状态。本文集中关注天津于桥水库周边的农民所采取的行动。正如常见的情形那样,这些农民过多使用化肥。磷素淋失因土壤磷吸附容量低、浅耕作层之下的粘土层实际上不透水而更加恶化。在强降雨期间,土壤变得饱和,造成磷素通过浅水水流被冲走。土壤中有机物含量低使情况更加恶化。本文记录了农民如何采取措施提高作物产量、改善环境和健康问题。比别人采取更多行动的农民自认为具有更好的务农能力。本文在作出结论时提出了政策措施建议。
The majority of surface water bodies in China are experiencing eutrophication caused by human activities, mainly due to phosphorus leaching caused by sewage and agricultural water use. This has led to the deterioration of water quality in China’s scarce water resources. This issue has been recognized by the Chinese government and measures have been taken, but the improvements expected by people are still at a standstill. This article focuses on the actions taken by peasants surrounding Yuqiao Reservoir in Tianjin. As is common, these farmers use too much fertilizer. Phosphorus leaching is due to low soil phosphorus adsorption capacity, and the clay layer under the shallow tillage is practically impermeable to water and worsens. During heavy rains, the soil becomes saturated, causing phosphorus to be washed away by shallow water currents. Low levels of organic matter in the soil make the situation worse. This article documents how farmers can take steps to increase crop yields and improve their environment and health. Farmers who take more actions than others think they have better ability to farm. This article proposes the policy measures when making a conclusion.