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所用氧化镍矿原矿含Ni 1.09%,Fe 9.12%,Mg O 29.08%,属于典型的镁质氧化镍矿。原矿主要物相为蛇纹石(利蛇纹石和纤蛇纹石)和铁矿物,不同粒径的铁矿物嵌布在蛇纹石中。镍常以类质同象形式取代蛇纹石或铁矿物中的镁和铁,从该矿中经济地提取镍十分困难,为了有效利用这种氧化镍矿,本文借助热重-差热分析仪(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和比表面积测定仪(BET)等,对N2氛围中镁质氧化镍矿在不同温度下(400~1300℃)焙烧后的样品的矿相转变进行了系统研究。结果表明,该矿经400℃焙烧后,矿相无明显变化。610℃焙烧后,发生脱羟基作用,蛇纹石(利蛇纹石和纤蛇纹石)转变为非晶态物质,样品中出现许多裂缝。800℃焙烧后非晶态物质重新结晶生成新的镁硅酸盐(镁橄榄石和顽辉石),比表面积明显减少。当焙烧温度上升到1300℃时,铁大量进入硅酸盐中,生成铁辉石。
The nickel ore ore used contains 1.09% of Ni, 9.12% of Fe and 29.08% of MgO, and belongs to the typical magnesian nickel oxide ore. The main ore phase is serpentine (Lee serpentine and chrysotile) and iron minerals, different sizes of iron minerals embedded in serpentine. Nickel replaces magnesia and iron in serpentine or iron minerals by isomorphism. It is very difficult to extract nickel from the ore economically. In order to make effective use of this nickel oxide ore, the thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis TG-DSC, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and BET (surface area measurement) The phase transition of ore samples after calcination at different temperatures (400 ~ 1300 ℃) was studied systematically. The results show that there is no obvious change in the ore phase after the ore is roasted at 400 ℃. After dezincification at 610 ℃, dehydroxylation takes place. The serpentine (lenticrite serpentine and chrysotile) changes into amorphous material, and many cracks appear in the sample. After calcination at 800 ℃, the amorphous materials recrystallize to form new magnesium silicates (forsterite and enstatite), and the specific surface area is obviously reduced. When the calcination temperature rose to 1300 ℃, a large number of iron into the silicate, generating iron pyroxene.