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目的了解目前广州地区医科大学生社会支持、自我效能感的影响因素,以及两者之间的关系。方法用肖水源的社会支持量表和王才康的大学生自我效能感量表(GSES),对广州地区3所医科大学在校本科生做调查。结果①有效问卷932份,能较好利用社会支持的人数为494人(53.00%);自我效能感较高的人数为436人(46.78%)。两者比率都接近中等水平。两者得分均值低于中国的常模水平;②不同分类亚群学生社会支持、自我效能感差异有统计学意义:女生、城镇生、学过心理知识的学生比男生、农村生、未学过心理知识学生得到的社会支持多(性别t=-5.986,P<0.001;生源地t=-2.176,P=<0.05;心理知识t=5.488,P<0.001);学过心理知识、年长生比无学过心理知识、年幼生自我效能感高(心理知识t=3.957,P=0.007;年龄t=-2.038,P<0.001);③社会支持与自我效能感两者之间呈正相关(r=0.230,P<0.001)。结论①广州地区医科大学生社会支持、自我效能感处于中等水平,低于全国常模水平;②得到的社会支持与性别、生源地、心理知识有关;自我效能感与心理知识、年龄有关;③社会支持与自我效能感两者之间呈正相关关系。
Objective To understand the influencing factors of social support and self-efficacy of medical college students in Guangzhou and the relationship between the two. Methods The social support questionnaire of Xiao Shui-yuan and Wang Caikang’s self-efficacy questionnaire (GSES) were used to investigate undergraduates at three medical schools in Guangzhou. Results ① There were 932 valid questionnaires, 494 (53.00%) were able to make better use of social support, and 436 (46.78%) had higher self-efficacy. Both rates are close to medium level. The mean scores of both groups were lower than that of China’s norm. ②The social support and self-efficacy of students in different subgroups were significantly different: girls, urban students, students who had studied psychology than boys and rural students Psychological knowledge students received more social support (t = -5.986, P <0.001; t = -2.176, P = <0.05; t = 5.488, P <0.001) There was a positive correlation between social support and self-efficacy (r = 0.957, P = 0.007; t = -2.038, P <0.001) 0.230, P <0.001). Conclusions ①Medical support and self-efficacy of medical undergraduates in Guangzhou are at a moderate level, lower than the level of national norms. ② Social support obtained is related to gender, origin and psychological knowledge; self-efficacy is related to psychological knowledge and age; There is a positive correlation between support and self-efficacy.