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为了探讨在水田冬种意大利黑麦草(IRG)对后作水稻生产的影响,在广东省龙门县和潮安县对种草(种草区)和未种草(对照区)水田土壤的理化性状以及早、晚稻的生长发育和产量进行了测试。结果表明,冬种IRG后水田土壤理化性状得到了改善,速效N、P和K的含量在种草区比对照区分别高11%、26%和57%,土壤微生物总量高38%,说明了IRG根系对土壤养分有某种活化作用。相应地,种草区早稻的稻谷产量比对照区高14%,晚稻则高7%。可见,“黑麦草—水稻”草田轮作(IRR)系统在生产大量优质青饲料的同时,还起到了绿肥改土的作用,为提高水田的生产力提供了有效途径。同时,IRR系统还为农业种植业和畜牧业之间提供了有机的结合点,从而启动连接土、草、粮、畜多个环节的生态农业系统。这一结果从生态效益的角度证明了IRR系统的可行性。
In order to investigate the effects of ryegrass (IRG) on the post-cropping rice production in paddy fields, the physico-chemical properties of paddy soils (grassland) and un-infested (paddy) paddy soils in Longmen County, Guangdong Province and Chaoan County, Early and late rice growth and yield were tested. The results showed that the soil physical and chemical properties improved after paddy field IRG, the available N, P and K contents were 11%, 26% and 57% higher than that in the control area respectively, and the total amount of soil microbes was 38% The roots of IRG have some kind of activation of soil nutrients. Correspondingly, the paddy yield of early-season rice in the grass-planting area was 14% higher than that in the control area and that of late rice was 7% higher. It can be seen that the “Ryegrass-Rice” IRR system, while producing a large amount of high-quality green fodder, also plays a role in improving soil fertility of green manure and provides an effective way to improve paddy field productivity. At the same time, the IRR system also provides an organic bonding point between farming and livestock husbandry, thus initiating an eco-agricultural system that connects various sectors of soil, grass, grain and livestock. This result proves the feasibility of IRR system from the perspective of ecological benefits.