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本文利用多年来的资料对小麦生育期亚性状(拔节期、抽穗期、开花期和成熟期)进行了遗传分析。结果证明:利用方差分析法估算的四个亚性状的遗传力都达到显著水平;F_2代,不同的组合、不同的亚性状遗传力各异;F_3代,早×晚的组合遗传力达到显著水平,而其它组合不显著;连续两年回交后代,只有早×晚的组合回交效果显著,而早×早,早×中的组合效果不显著。据此,在育种上,要根据不同的组合、不同的亚性状,采用不同的方法进行早代选择。
In this paper, the genetic characteristics of wheat during the growing stage (jointing stage, heading stage, flowering stage and maturity stage) were analyzed based on years of data. The results showed that the heritability of four sub-traits estimated by analysis of variance all reached significant level. The heritability of F_2 generation, different combinations and different sub-traits was different, and the heritability of combination of F_3 generation, early × late reached significant level , While the other combinations were not significant. The backcross generations for two consecutive years had significant backcrossing effect only in early × late combinations, while the combined effects in early × early and late × were not significant. Accordingly, in breeding, according to different combinations, different sub-traits, using different methods for early selection.