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对不同密度条件下3个不同株型春玉米的光合特性及产量进行了研究。结果表明,随密度增加叶面积指数(LAI)、初始荧光(F0)上升,单株功能叶片光合速率(Pn)、PSⅡ的潜在活性(Fv/F0)、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)下降;产量构成因素表现为单位面积有效穗数先上升后下降,穗粒数下降,百粒重变化因品种而异。先玉335、金玉4号和吉农大302最高产量分别为9 638.45、8 523.94、8 330.92 kg/hm2;先玉335最适播种密度为75 000株/hm2,吉农大302为60 000～67 500株/hm2,金玉4号为45 000株/hm2。先玉335群体产量与LAI、单株F0呈正相关,与单株Pn、Fv/Fm、Fv/F0呈负相关;吉农大302与金玉4号群体产量与LAI、单株F0呈负相关,与单株Pn、Fv/Fm、Fv/F0呈正相关,且金玉4号的相关程度要高于吉农大302。
The photosynthetic characteristics and yield of three different spring maize varieties under different densities were studied. The results showed that the leaf area index (LAI), initial fluorescence (F0), photosynthetic rate (Pn), potential activity of PSⅡ (Fv / F0), maximum PSⅡ photochemical quantum yield (Fv / Fm) Decreased; Yield components of performance per unit area of the effective panicle first increased after the decline, grain number decreased, 100-weight changes vary with the species. The highest yields of Xiangyu 335, Jinyu 4 and Jihongda 302 were 9 638.45, 8 523.94 and 8 330.92 kg / hm2, respectively. The optimum sowing density of Xiangyu 335 was 75 000 / hm2 and that of Jihongda 302 was 60 000- 67 500 Strain / hm2, Jinyu 4 to 45 000 plants / hm2. There was a positive correlation between the yield of the group of Xian Yu 335 and the F0 of the LAI and the single plant, but negatively correlated with the Pn, Fv / Fm and Fv / F0 of the single plant. The yield of the group of Jiyongda 302 and Jinyu 4 was negatively correlated with LAI and F0 The Pn, Fv / Fm and Fv / F0 of plants were positively correlated, and the correlation degree of Jinyu No.4 was higher than that of Jinongda 302.