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中国疆域广阔,南方和北方,在自然环境和人文环境方面从来有着相对的差异。漫长的文明历史和定居生活,让中国人有条件从容地咀嚼南方和北方的种种地域性差异。中国人有很强的历史感,也有很强的社会方位感,所以人文地理意识和知识非常发达。而且,这些认识又非常集中地体现在南北概念上。中国的南北概念,大体以“秦岭—淮河”为地理界线,大致以黄河流域和长江流域(特别是中下游地区)为区域划分。所谓“滔滔江汉,南国之纪”,所谓“奄受北国,因以其伯”(《诗经》),人文地理意义上的南北区分早在先秦时期就已经形成。这种区分,以后随魏晋南北朝长时间的南北政治对峙而进一步加深。中国人对地理的认识,
The vast territory of China, the South and the North, have relatively different natural and cultural environments. The long history of civilization and settlement, so that Chinese people conditionally and comfortably chewing the South and the North of the various regional differences. Chinese people have a strong sense of history and a strong sense of social orientation. Therefore, human geography and knowledge are well developed. Moreover, these understandings are very concentrated in the North-South concept. China’s concept of North and South China is generally divided into “Qinling-Huaihe River” as a geographical boundary and roughly the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin (especially in the middle and lower reaches). The so-called “surging Jianghan, the discipline of the southern kingdom”, the so-called “by the northern country, because of its Bo” (“Book of Songs”), the cultural geography of the North-South distinction as early as the pre-Qin period has been formed. This distinction was further deepened with the prolonged North-South political confrontation in the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties. Chinese people’s understanding of geography,