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本文从原始语根假说出发,以英语为例重新审视语言符号的理据性与任意性之争。原始语根假说是马秉义教授近30年汉英对比研究的重要成果,认为所有语言符号的起源都是有理据性的,语言的发展有其偶然性,但更多的是必然性。那些在语言符号演变、发展、衍生的过程中被任意性掩盖,逐步弱化甚至消失了的理据性并不能证明语言符号的任意性。
This article, starting from the primitive language root hypothesis, takes English as an example to reconsider the arguments of argument and arbitrariness of language symbols. The primitive language root hypothesis is an important achievement made by Professor Ma Bingyi in the comparative study of Chinese and English in the past 30 years. He believes that all the origins of language symbols are justified. The development of language is contingent, but more is inevitability. Those motives that are arbitrarily concealed, gradually weakened or even disappeared in the process of the evolution, development and derivation of linguistic signs do not prove the arbitrariness of linguistic signs.