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合作生产为公民与公共服务提供者之间建立了互动关系。因此,成功的合作生产需要公民的参与。一般而言,诸如年龄、性别和收入等个体特征常用于解释为什么公民会参与合作生产。相比之下,居住小区层面的变量却很少受到关注。不过,合作生产的文献以及社会资本和城市规划理论都很好地解释了居住小区变量为什么与合作生产是相关的。本文对一项公共设施问题的报告项目中公民报告倡议的管理记录进行了考察。该合作生产项目位于比利时(Belgium)安特卫普市(Antwerp)的德尔纳(Deurne)区。本文运用多层次分析(multilevel analysis)同步评估小区特征与个体变量的影响。尽管本研究提到了一般用以解释合作生产的个体变量,但我们发现,小区特征也能突出地解释合作生产。因此,我们的研究认为参与合作生产活动不仅由你是谁所决定,还由你住在哪里所决定。
Cooperative production establishes an interaction between citizens and public service providers. Therefore, successful cooperative production requires the participation of citizens. In general, individual traits such as age, gender and income are often used to explain why citizens participate in cooperative production. In contrast, variables at the residential level are seldom watched. However, the literature on cooperative production, as well as the theories of social capital and urban planning, explain well why living area variables are related to cooperative production. This article examines the management records of the Citizen Reporting Initiative in a reporting project on public facilities issues. The co-production project is located in the Deurne district of Antwerp, Belgium. This article uses multilevel analysis to simultaneously assess the impact of cell characteristics and individual variables. Although this study refers to individual variables that are generally used to explain co-production, we find that the characteristics of communities can also highlight cooperative production. Therefore, our research suggests that participation in cooperative production is determined not only by who you are, but by where you live.