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钙是人体中最活跃的常量元素,其含量约占人体体重的1.5～2%,其中99%以钙盐的形式构成骨骼和牙齿的主要成分,另外1%的钙质以游离或化合的状态存在于软组织和细胞外液(包括血液)中。钙在生命活动中肩负第二信使的重任,几乎参与一切生命现象和细胞功能,人体中存在着两个钙浓度梯度,即骨-血浆钙浓度梯度和细胞内、外钙浓度梯度,骨骼中钙浓度是血液中钙浓度的一万倍(骨:血=1万:1),而细胞外液钙浓度又是细胞内的一万倍(细胞外:细胞内=1万:1)。如果体内钙含量不足,机体就会产生诸多不适与疾病。
Calcium is the body’s most active and constant elements, its content accounts for about 1.5 to 2% of human body weight, of which 99% form the main components of bone and teeth in the form of calcium salts, while the other 1% of calcium in free or combined state Exist in soft tissue and extracellular fluids (including blood). Calcium plays a second messenger’s responsibility in life activities, and participates in almost all life phenomena and cell functions. There are two calcium concentration gradients in human body, namely, gradient of bone-plasma calcium and gradient of intra- and extracellular calcium concentration, calcium in bone The concentration is 10,000 times the concentration of calcium in the blood (bone: blood = 10,000: 1), and the extracellular calcium concentration is 10,000 times more in the cells (extracellular: intracellular = 10,000: 1). If the body’s calcium content is insufficient, the body will have a lot of discomfort and disease.