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中国国家治理的逻辑链条表现为:执政党—政协—人大—人民。执政党—政协,是以人民政协为载体的政治协商;执政党—政协—人大,是基于政治协商获得现实合法性的党的主张通过人大制度转为国家意志的过程;人大—人民,是双向的选举与依法治国;执政党—人民,是实质为社会协商的党的群众路线的展现。协商民主主要包含“执政党—政协”中的政治协商,以及“执政党—人民”的社会协商,二者经由人大制度加以勾连。这在逻辑上决定了党的领导、协商民主与人大代议民主的内在关联,型塑了协商民主制度化的路径,即在民主决策过程中,塑造“政治协商—立法协商—社会协商”的制度循环,以此指引现实制度的发展。
The logical chain of state governance in China is as follows: the ruling party, the CPPCC, the NPC, the people. The ruling party, the CPPCC, is a political consultation based on the CPPCC. The ruling party, namely, the CPPCC National Committee, is a process in which the party’s claim of actual legitimacy based on political consultation is turned into a state’s will through the NPC system. People’s congresses and people are bidirectional The election of the ruling party and the rule of law; the ruling party - the people, are the masses’ actual manifestation of the mass line of the party under the social consultation. The consultative democracy mainly includes the political consultation in the “governing party - the CPPCC” and the social consultation of “the ruling party - the people”, both of which are linked through the system of the people’s congress. This logically determines the party’s leadership, consultative democracy and the people’s Congress democracy, the inherent linkages, shaping the path of deliberative democracy and institutionalization, that is, in the democratic decision-making process, shaping the “political consultation - legislative consultation - social consultation ”System cycle, in order to guide the development of the real system.