论文部分内容阅读
目的了解甘肃省兰州市城关区学龄期儿童呼吸系统的健康状况及其影响因素,为学龄期儿童呼吸系统健康的防控提供理论依据。方法 2014年9—11月随机抽取兰州市城关区某小学学龄期儿童进行问卷调查,分析学龄期儿童呼吸系统患病情况及其影响因素。结果兰州市城关区居民住宅有82.29%为框架结构,93.73%的家庭做饭使用的燃料以传统燃料为主,33.00%的家庭冬季采用火炉或天然气供暖;本次调查的某小学学龄期儿童呼吸系统疾病主要以慢性支气管炎、肺炎、过敏性鼻炎和哮喘为主,患病率分别为21.2%、26.2%、4.6%和2.9%,男、女各疾病患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。学龄期儿童因呼吸系统疾病所致的住院率男生为20.4%,女生为23.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.991,P>0.05);在家长室内二手烟暴露环境下,学龄期儿童感冒(χ2=58.58)、肺炎(χ2=20.21)、支气管炎(χ2=53.14)和哮喘(χ2=89.80)的患病率分别为61.6%、56.8%、61.1%和64.4%,明显高于非暴露组患儿呼吸系统疾病患病率38.4%、43.2%、38.9%和36.6%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论兰州市城关区学龄期儿童呼吸系统疾病的患病率与全国平均水平相比基本一致,家庭使用传统燃料和被动吸烟可能是引起学龄期儿童出现呼吸系统疾患的主要诱因。
Objective To understand the status of respiratory system and its influencing factors in school-age children in Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of respiratory system health in school-age children. Methods From September to November 2014, a random sample of school-age children from a primary school in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City was conducted to conduct a questionnaire survey to analyze the prevalence of respiratory system and its influencing factors in school-age children. Results There were 82.29% of residential buildings in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City as a framework, 93.73% of households used traditional fuels for cooking, 33.00% of households used stoves or natural gas for heating in winter, and the primary school-aged children in this survey The prevalence of systemic diseases was mainly chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, allergic rhinitis and asthma, the prevalence rates were 21.2%, 26.2%, 4.6% and 2.9%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of each disease between males and females (P > 0.05). The incidence of hospitalization for school-age children due to respiratory diseases was 20.4% for boys and 23.9% for girls, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.991, P> 0.05). In the second-hand smoke exposure of parents, (χ2 = 58.58), pneumonia (χ2 = 20.21), bronchitis (χ2 = 53.14) and asthma (χ2 = 89.80) were 61.6%, 56.8%, 61.1% and 64.4% The prevalence of respiratory diseases in children was 38.4%, 43.2%, 38.9% and 36.6%, respectively, with significant differences (all P <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of respiratory diseases among school-age children in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City is basically the same as that of the national average. The use of traditional fuels and passive smoking by the family may be the main cause of respiratory diseases in school-age children.