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面对20世纪后半叶以来英美文学研究疆界的日益扩展并变得愈益模糊,本文作者认为,这是由于文学研究自身的性质所发生的变化而决定的。文学研究领域之外的大量新的理论思潮以及文化研究的“侵入”文学研究,确实使得传统的文学研究领地变得萎缩了。但另一方面,文学研究的范围和疆界则扩大了,文化研究的一些课题进入文学研究,使得文学研究变得更为丰富和具有挑战性。文学研究疆界的扩展同时也使得原来既定的文学经典的内涵发生了变化,但经典本身不应当是固定不变的,而应当始终处于一种动态。文学研究疆界的扩展既削弱了既定的(西方)经典之霸权,同时也为新的(世界文学)经典的形成和重构奠定了基础,从而也为文学史的重新书写奠定了基础。目前在中国学界展开的关于文学疆界问题的讨论实际上就是这种“理论的旅行”的一个必然后果,但作者认为,“理论的旅行”不应当只是从中心到边缘,它同时也应该从边缘向中心渗透,最终消解单一的西方中心主义霸权。
Faced with the growing expansion and blurring of the boundaries of Anglo-American literary studies since the second half of the 20th century, the author of the article believes that this is due to the changes in the nature of literary studies. A large number of new theoretical trends of thought outside the field of literary studies as well as “intrusive” literary studies of cultural studies have indeed caused the area of traditional literary studies to shrink. On the other hand, the scope and boundaries of literary studies have expanded. Some topics in cultural studies have entered literary research, making literary studies more abundant and challenging. The expansion of literary research boundary at the same time also changed the original connotation of the literary classics, but the classics should not be static in itself, but should always be in a dynamic state. The expansion of literary research frontier not only weakened the hegemony of the established (Western) classic, but also laid the foundation for the formation and reconstruction of a new (World Literature) classic, which laid the foundation for the re-writing of literary history. The discussion on the issue of literary boundaries that is currently being held in Chinese academia is in fact an inevitable consequence of this “theory of travel.” However, the author believes that “theory of travel” should not only be from the center to the periphery, but at the same time It should also penetrate from the periphery to the center, eventually dissolving a single hegemony of Western centralism.