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当人们承受心理压力时,身心系统会随之发生一系列的变化。心理压力会影响认知、情绪、行为和生理过程,而认知、情绪、行为和生理也在影响或改变着心理压力,对心理压力有着“放大”或“缩小”的作用。其中,认知具有决定性的影响。适度的压力能引起人们的积极反应,例如集中注意力、激发斗志、促进思考、增加激情等。压力过度则会引起人们生理上、心理上、行为上的消极反应,产生种种身心失调的现象。这些身心失调反过来又“放大”了心理压力,造成恶性循环,最后可能导致心理危机。面临压力,不同的人会采取不同的应付方式。应付分为主动认知、主动行为和回避应付三种模式。主动认知应付模式表现为:从不利方面看待压力,回忆和吸取过去的经验,考虑多种变通方法等。主动行为应付模式表现为:不等待而采取积极行动,做有益于事态发展
When people are under psychological pressure, a series of changes occur in the mind and body system. Psychological stress will affect cognitive, emotional, behavioral and physiological processes, while cognitive, emotional, behavioral and physiological psychology also influence or alter psychological stress, and have “magnified” or “diminished” psychological stress. Among them, cognition has a decisive influence. Moderate pressure can cause people’s positive reactions, such as focus, stimulate morale, promote thinking, increase passion and so on. Over-pressure will cause people’s physical, psychological, behavioral negative reactions, resulting in a variety of mental and physical disorders. These physical and mental disorders in turn “magnify” the psychological pressure, resulting in a vicious circle that may eventually lead to psychological crisis. Under pressure, different people will adopt different coping styles. To deal with divided into active awareness, initiative and avoid cope with the three modes. Proactive coping style is manifested as: stress from the negative side, recall and learn from the past experience, consider a variety of workarounds and so on. The mode of coping with active behaviors is as follows: take positive actions without waiting, and do good to the development of the situation