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应用免疫酶标技术对４７例异体肾移植患者的９５例次肾活检标本进行ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原检测，同时做光镜、电镜、免疫病理检查及淋巴细胞亚群的研究。结果显示，肾移植后肾近曲小管上皮细胞的ＤＲ抗原表达增加，肾小球的ＤＲ表达减少；急、慢性排斥反应与急性肾小管坏死时，肾小管及肾间质的ＤＲ抗原表达均明显增加；环孢素中毒时，肾单位的ＤＲ抗原表达正常，肾间质的ＤＲ抗原表达增加。肾脏ＨＬＡＤＲ抗原表达在肾移植后的变化用于排斥反应的诊断、鉴别诊断、判断预后及治疗决策具有重要意义。
Immuno-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect HLA-DR antigen in 95 cases of renal biopsy specimens from 47 cases of allogeneic kidney transplantation. Meanwhile, light microscope, electron microscope, immunopathological examination and lymphocyte subsets were studied. The results showed that the expression of DR antigen in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells increased and the expression of DR in glomeruli decreased after renal transplantation. The expression of DR antigen in renal tubular and renal interstitium was significantly higher in acute and chronic rejection and acute tubular necrosis Increase; cyclosporine poisoning, nephron expression of normal DR antigen, renal interstitial DR antigen expression increased. The change of renal HLADR antigen expression after renal transplantation is of great significance for the diagnosis of rejection, differential diagnosis, prognosis and treatment decision-making.