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微重力条件下的人体质量测量方法和设备对于长期载人航天的航天员健康监测具有重要意义。该文比较了可行的测量方法,选取了基于Newton第二定律的直线加速度法进行地面实验研究。搭建了实验平台,利用弹簧-凸轮的恒力机构产生恒定拉力牵引人体做直线匀加速运动,利用气浮台模拟水平方向微重力条件,对45～90kg的刚性砝码和15名50～60kg的人体被试进行测量实验。实验结果显示:该实验平台符合匀加速直线运动规律,标定后对刚性砝码测量精度优于0.2kg,对于人体测量结果稳定性较高,整体精度在0.5kg左右。可见,直线加速度方法可以用于微重力下人体质量测量,通过延长运动时间、加强人体的固定和增加被试者训练等方法应可得到较好精度。
Human body mass measurement methods and equipment under microgravity are of great importance to the long-term manned space astronaut health monitoring. This paper compares the feasible measurement methods and selects the linear acceleration method based on the Newton’s second law for ground experiments. The experimental platform was set up and constant force of the spring-cam was used to generate constant tension to pull the human body to make uniform linear acceleration. Using the flotation platform to simulate horizontal microgravity conditions, the rigid weights of 45 ~ 90kg and 15 ~ Human subjects were measured experiment. The experimental results show that the experimental platform accords with the law of uniform acceleration and linear motion. After calibration, the measurement accuracy of the rigid weight is better than 0.2kg, and the stability of human body measurement is high. The overall accuracy is about 0.5kg. It can be seen that the linear acceleration method can be used to measure the human body mass under microgravity, and better accuracy can be obtained by extending the exercise time, strengthening the human body to fix and increasing the subjects training.