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近年来,随着建筑物由低层向高层发展,脚手架材料逐渐以金属替代了竹木,而且结构形式也有很大发展。由60年代的钢平台内脚手发展到70年代的桥式外脚手。70年代后期,随着高层建筑的发展,出现了插口架和吊篮架,并开始引入了钢管架。到80年代又开始引进了门形架。这些新型脚手架的使用大大改善了施工条件,降低了劳动强度。但是由于这些脚手架使用时间短,对其技术经济特点缺乏足够的认识,因而难免造成技术上的失误或经济上的不合理。本文拟就国内的一些使用经验,归纳其技术经济特点,供参考。一、平台式内脚手平台式内脚手是多层砖混结构采用塔吊作为垂直运输工具的产物。其主要组成构件为门形架、联系桁架及脚手板(图1)。
In recent years, with the development of buildings from the lower floors to the upper floors, scaffolding materials have gradually replaced metal with bamboo, and the structure has also been greatly developed. From the steel platform in the 60s to the bridge in the 70s. In the late 1970s, with the development of high-rise buildings, plug racks and hanging basket racks appeared, and the introduction of steel pipe racks began. In the 1980s, it began to introduce gantry. The use of these new scaffolds has greatly improved construction conditions and reduced labor intensity. However, due to the short duration of use of these scaffolds, there is insufficient knowledge of their technical and economic characteristics, which inevitably leads to technical mistakes or economic irrationality. This article intends to sum up some of its domestic experience and summarize its technical and economic characteristics for reference. I. Platform-type internal scaffolding The internal scaffolding is a product of a multi-layer brick-concrete structure that employs a tower crane as a vertical transportation tool. Its main components are gantry, contact truss and scaffold (Figure 1).