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目的为了评价抗生素对婴幼儿水样腹泻的效果。方法临床普遍使用对大多数肠道杆菌敏感的庆大霉素，口服治疗婴幼儿腹泻。病例为儿科门诊年龄在３～６０个月之间、病程在３天内，未使用抗生素的急性水样腹泻患儿共１９０例，按随机编号分别给予口服庆大霉素或安慰剂，医师及患儿家属均不知何种治疗方案。结果共有１６５例完成本试验。破盲分析，庆大霉素组治愈率为７８．８２％，对照组为８２．５０％，χ２＝０．３６Ｐ＝０．５５。按时序检验庆大霉素组平均恢复时间为４．４８天，对照组为４．４９天，二组差别无显著意义。结论口服庆大霉素治疗婴幼儿腹泻病与对照组在疗效上无明显差异。从治愈者和失败者分析，影响治愈的因素主要与年龄及就诊前大便次数有关，失败者比治愈者平均年龄小，就诊前平均大便次数多
Purpose To evaluate the effect of antibiotics on diarrhea in infants and young children. Methods Gentamicin, which is sensitive to most enterobacteria, is commonly used clinically to treat infantile diarrhea. The cases were pediatric outpatients aged 3 to 60 months, the course of the disease in 3 days, 190 cases of acute watery diarrhea without antibiotics were given by random number were given gentamicin or placebo, physicians and patients Children and families do not know what kind of treatment. Results A total of 165 patients completed the test. Analysis of the blindness, gentamicin group cure rate was 78.82%, the control group was 82.50%, χ2 = 0.36P = 0.55. According to the time series test, the average recovery time of gentamicin group was 4.48 days and that of control group was 4.49 days. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion Oral gentamicin treatment of infantile diarrhea in the control group no significant difference. From the cure and loser analysis, the factors that influence the cure are mainly related to the age and the number of stools before treatment, the average age of the losers is less than the cure, the average number of stool before treatment