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选用低产氮低效型、高产氮中效型和高产氮高效型具有代表性的6个粳稻品种,在各自最适氮素水平下,研究了干物质积累与转运特性的差异及其与氮效率的关系。结果表明,较之低产类型品种,高产类型品种物质生产总量提高20.29%,差异达显著水平。其中在够苗前、拔节至抽穗、抽穗至成熟阶段的干物质积累量和群体生长率分别提高15.05%、27.04%、24.75%和15.05%、28.38%、23.00%,够苗至拔节阶段则互有高低。同为高产类型品种,因氮利用率的差异物质积累与转运特性不同。较之高产氮中效型,高产氮高效型品种各生育时期的单位面积茎蘖数均呈下降趋势,其中够苗、拔节、抽穗和成熟期平均分别降低5.76%、11.61%、7.01%和5.70%,差异均达显著水平,而成穗率显著提高。各生育时期的干物质积累量均有所下降,其中,够苗、拔节、抽穗和成熟期分别降低12.18%、10.54%、8.29%和5.01%,收获指数却显著提高。抽穗至成熟阶段的干物质积累率提高5.40%,群体生长率提高5.19%。说明抽穗前适当控制群体生长,抽穗后保持较高的群体生长水平及较高的收获指数是高产氮高效型品种的重要物质生产特性。
Six representative japonica rice varieties with low-yielding nitrogen inefficiency, high-yielding nitrogen efficiency and high-yielding nitrogen efficiency were selected to study the differences of dry matter accumulation and transport characteristics and nitrogen efficiency Relationship. The results showed that compared with low-yielding varieties, the total production of high-yielding varieties increased by 20.29%, the difference was significant. Among them, the accumulation of dry matter and the population growth rate increased 15.05%, 27.04%, 24.75% and 15.05%, 28.38% and 23.00% respectively from pre-emergence stage to jointing stage to heading stage and heading stage to mature stage There are high and low. With the same high-yielding varieties, the differences in nitrogen utilization rate have different accumulation and transport characteristics. Compared with high-yielding nitrogen medium efficiency type, the tiller number per unit area of high-yielding nitrogen high-yielding cultivars at each growth stage showed a decreasing trend, with 5.76%, 11.61%, 7.01% and 5.70 %, The difference reached a significant level, while the percentage of spike was significantly increased. The dry matter accumulation in each growth period decreased, among which the harvest index decreased significantly by 12.18%, 10.54%, 8.29% and 5.01%, respectively. The dry matter accumulation rate from heading to maturity increased by 5.40% and the population growth rate increased by 5.19%. The results showed that proper growth control before heading was observed, higher population growth after heading and higher harvest index were important material production characteristics of high-yielding nitrogen efficient varieties.