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目的分析婴幼儿诺如病毒腹泻的发病特点,为临床诊断提供依据。方法对2002年1月至2006年12月在首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院就诊的318例急性腹泻患儿采集粪便标本,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测粪便诺如病毒抗原,同时用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)检测轮状病毒。结果经检测的318份粪便标本中,诺如病毒阳性标本共79份,阳性检出率为24.8%(79/318)。其中有48例在10-12月份检出,占阳性标本的60.8%(48/79)。2岁以内患儿占91.2%。有16例同时合并轮状病毒感染。经统计学分析,轮状病毒混合感染组与单纯诺如病毒感染组在发热的严重程度上有差异,但是在腹泻严重程度上的差异无统计学意义。诺如病毒阳性患儿中有14例是以其他疾病住院,分别于住院1-11d出现腹泻。结论诺如病毒是引起婴幼儿急性腹泻的病原之一,也是医院内感染性腹泻的病因之一。
Objective To analyze the incidence of nociceptive virus diarrhea in infants and young children and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis. Methods Stool specimens were collected from 318 acute diarrhea pediatric patients who visited the Children’s Hospital affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics between January 2002 and December 2006. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect stool NOV antigen, Rotavirus was detected by acrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Results Among the 318 stool samples tested, 79 norovirus positive samples showed a positive rate of 24.8% (79/318). 48 of them were detected in 10-12 months, accounting for 60.8% (48/79) of positive specimens. Within 2 years of age children accounted for 91.2%. There were 16 cases of rotavirus infection at the same time. After statistical analysis, the rotavirus mixed infection group and the simple norovirus infection group in the severity of fever are different, but no significant difference in the severity of diarrhea. Norovirus positive children in 14 cases were hospitalized with other diseases, respectively, in the hospital 1-11d appeared diarrhea. Conclusion Norovirus is one of the causative agents of acute diarrhea in infants. It is also one of the causes of infectious diarrhea in hospitals.