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所谓返回型卫星,就是指在完成了轨道飞行任务后,需要把载有有效载荷的回收舱返回地面的这类卫星。从结构来看,这类卫星一般有两个舱体组成,即仪器舱体和再入舱体。其中分别安装着确保卫星正常飞行和执行任务的各种仪器设备,如:能源、遥测、跟踪、姿控、遥控、程控、温控、遥感、回收等系统设备。在它完成了预定的轨道飞行任务后,再入舱按照指令与仪器舱分离,返回地面。仪器舱遗留在轨道上。再入舱利用大气阻尼将其动能消耗掉,使再入舱从高达7—10公里/秒的轨道速度降到十几米/秒的着陆速度,此时大气阻
The so-called return type satellites refer to such satellites that need to return the payload carrying payload to the ground after the orbital mission is completed. From the point of view of structure, such satellites generally have two compartments, that is, an instrument compartment and a reentry compartment. Which are installed to ensure the normal flight of satellites and the implementation of various instruments and equipment, such as: energy, telemetry, tracking, attitude control, remote control, program control, temperature control, remote sensing, recovery and other system equipment. After it has completed its scheduled orbital mission, it is re-entered into the capsule and instructed to separate from the equipment compartment and return to the ground. Instrument cabin left on the track. The reentry cabin uses its atmospheric damping to dissipate its kinetic energy so that reentry can be reduced from a track speed of up to 7-10 km / s to a landing speed of ten meters / second at which time atmospheric drag