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目的:探讨糖尿病高血糖状态对于大鼠海马星形胶质细胞的影响。方法:应用链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导Ⅰ型糖尿病SD大鼠模型,分为糖尿病模型1、2、3、4周和5周组(DM1,DM2,DM3,DM4,DM5),同周龄SD大鼠作为对照组。采用免疫荧光、免疫组化和Western Blot等技术,对比观察糖尿病大鼠海马区星形胶质细胞的形态、caspase-3和GFAP的表达情况。结果:免疫荧光和免疫组化检测结果显示:DM1和DM2大鼠海马区星形胶质细胞的胞体增大,突起增粗;DM3和DM4大鼠海马内星形胶质细胞的突起增粗、变长,其数量明显多于正常对照组(P<0.05);而DM5大鼠海马内星形胶质细胞的突起僵硬,细胞数量有所减少,但仍高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。Western Blot结果显示:DM3,DM4,DM5大鼠海马区GFAP含量明显高于对照组和DM1,DM2(P<0.05)。caspase-3/GFAP免疫组化双标结果显示:DM1和DM2大鼠海马区偶见caspase-3阳性标记的星形胶质细胞;而DM3,DM4,DM5大鼠海马区caspase-3/GFAP双标细胞数明显多于正常对照组(P<0.05);其中DM5双标阳性细胞数明显多于DM3和DM4(P<0.05)。结论:糖尿病高血糖早期可激活星形胶质细胞,持续性糖尿病高血糖可诱导海马区星形胶质细胞活化的抑制,并引起星形胶质细胞凋亡。
Objective: To investigate the effect of diabetic hyperglycemia on hippocampal astrocytes in rats. Methods: SD rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were divided into three groups: DM1, DM2, DM3, DM4 and DM5, SD rats as control group. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and Western Blot were used to compare the morphological changes of astrocytes, the expression of caspase-3 and GFAP in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Results: The results of immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry showed that astrocytes in the DM1 and DM2 rats increased their soma and their processes were thicker. The astrocytes in DM3 and DM4 rats were thicker, (P <0.05). However, the number of astrocytes in DM5 rat hippocampus was stiffer and the number of cells was decreased, but still higher than that of the normal control group (P <0.05) . The results of Western Blot showed that the level of GFAP in hippocampus of DM3, DM4 and DM5 rats was significantly higher than that of control group and DM1 and DM2 (P <0.05). Caspase-3 / GFAP immunohistochemistry double-labeled results showed: DM1 and DM2 rat hippocampal caspase-3 positive labeled astrocytes; and DM3, DM4, DM5 rat hippocampal caspase-3 / GFAP double The number of labeled cells in DM5 group was significantly more than that in DM3 and DM4 group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Astrocytes can be activated in the early stage of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. Persistent hyperglycemia of diabetes can induce the activation of astrocytes in the hippocampus and induce the apoptosis of astrocytes.